Caroline Butler, whose husband had fled Missouri in November, couldnt care for her four young children, ages seven years to two months, and drive her wagon at the same time. [9] Leonard J. Arrington, Charles C. Rich (Provo, UT: BYU Press, 1974), 60; Juanita Brooks, ed., On the Mormon Frontier: The Diary of Hosea Stout, 18441861 (Salt Lake City, Utah: University of Utah Press and the Utah State Historical Society, 1964), xvi; Lorenzo Dow Young, Recollections, Four Faith Promoting Classics (Salt Lake City: Bookcraft, 1968), 5254. He finally broke with all organized religion. Its an improvement that shes discussed at all. The oxen they had left could not pull all the load, so Newel unloaded part of his and Brigham Youngs goods and left them in the care of a friendly resident. . Below Ill list the link that I found talking about it, although I cant guarantee their accuracy! Also, three men were sent to locate possible settlement sites up the Mississippi River in Illinois. [58] Hartley, My Best for the Kingdom, 8790. Emma and her family were forced to leave the state with the majority of Latter . The additions were Elias Smith, Erastus Bingham, Stephen Markham, and James Newberry (History of the Church, 3:24954, includes 214 names of those who pledged). She was finally confirmed in August 1830. She taught school before she met Joseph Smith. Brigham, after all, saw Emma as fighting against the man Brigham revered as the Prophet, and he knew that Emma knew that Joseph taught plural marriage. During November and December, Joseph C. Kingsbury and Caroline, his wife of two years, lived in a little cabin with meager provisions. Elder Kimball said he stayed behind to assist members of the Committee of Removal and to wait upon those in prison. In Far West he had to hide out in the woods during daytime. Because of his position in the Illinois militia, he was often referred to as "Major" Bidamon. 343-362. On the anniversary of her birth, which. On Nov. 4th, astoundingly, Richard McCarty obtained a warrant for the arrest of the men who had caught him in the act of looting the Gilbert store, charging them with assault and false imprisonment. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [31] Smith, History of the Church, 3:25054. Caroline went ahead and brought back some elders from a camp ahead to give Martha and Keziah blessings. [109] Johnson, Mormon Redress Petitions, xixxxvii. The animosity between Brigham Young and Emma had multiple grounds: personal, religious, and financial. Required fields are marked *. And the last words out of Brighams mouth, and he died before Emma, were Joseph,' Elggren said. In jail in Richmond were Parley P. Pratt, Norman Shearer, Darwin Chase, Luman Gibbs, Morris Phelps, and King Follett. First, Emma had intense anxiety over the protection of Joseph's and Hyrum's bodies. She compiled the first hymnbook. The first night, our wagon tipped over into the creek. Joseph Smiths parents tried to leave early in February, but Lucy said, Just as we got our goods into the waggon, a man came to us and said, that Sidney Rigdons family were ready to start, and must have the waggon immediately. Years later, in the anti-Emma atmosphere of Utah, Brigham Young spoke of a meeting where Joseph accused his wife of slipping poison into his coffee. Their numbers exceed 5,000 peoplewithout any means and literally beggarsto be thrust upon the charities of Illinois, Iowa, or Wisconsin. Joseph Holbrook, thirty-two, said his wife Nancy had verry poor health that fall and winter because of being exposed to inclement weather by having to remove from place to place as our house had been burned and we were yet left to seek a home whenever our friends could accommodate us and for my safety. Saints in flourishing condition but a few months before, he said, were now destitute. Emma Smith was the wife of the first Mormon prophet, Joseph Smith. Emma Smith's personality and background, her almost nomadic search for a home, the loss of so many she loved and the stresses of plural marriage all played a part in her decision to remain in Nauvoo. Emma knew better, but she also knew that a polygamous history would not serve her needs. . There are several reasons Emma stayed in Nauvoo after Joseph Smith's death, but a few in particular stand out. Illinois law at the time held that no church could hold more than ten acres of property, and so much of the church's properties were held in Joseph's name. At the same time, much of the Church's debt was held by Joseph as a private citizenthus, Emma was liable for Joseph/the Church's debts, but had a less clear claim on the Church's lands that Joseph held as Trustee-in-Trust.[3]. On two additional occasions she was driven from her home at the threat of her life.". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The temple site has been salvaged and given modern landscaping, but no houses remain. Until that time, Emma had been largely written out of official LDS history. [26] Hartley, My Best for the Kingdom, 8586. [84] William Cahoon noted that a family named Travis offered him employment;[85] Mr. Travis also hired refugee Truman Angell to frame a barn. During that period, the place was a hive of activity; Joseph Smith and his wife, Emma, and Oliver Cowdery were boarding with the Whitmers, and other people (including curiosity-seekers) were constantly coming and going. [11] Charles C. Rich, A Sketch that I was an eye witness to in the state of Missouri, holograph, Charles C. Rich Papers, Church History Library, Salt Lake City. "Some people might say that something about her changed, and that is why she did not come to Salt Lake Valley," Delewski said. This weekend at the Midwest Pilgrims retreat in Nauvoo, Illinois, I had the opportunity to listen to a fascinating talk by Linda King Newell, co-biographer of Emma Smith, first wife of LDS founding prophet Joseph Smith, Jr. [8] After eleven days travel, they reached white Settlements on the Desmoine River in Iowa. They say father was a fallen prophet. Is probably the most famous Latter Day Saint polygamist with 55 wives. For your free copy of the Bible, go to Free Holy Bible and for a free Book of Mormon, go to Free Book of Mormon, Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress. [34] Saints used existing roads as much as possible, although some took detours to avoid problems with local residents or to avoid being recognized. What happened to Emma Smith? . Emmas role in Mormon history is as enigmatic as ever. I hope this helps too! The Thomas family. Church leaders told fugitive Charles C. Rich to flee north into the wilderness and take all that I Could find of the Brethren that was in the Crooked river Battle. So he and others left Far West at midnight on November 1. She is known in Church history for being well educated and was able to act as a scribe for Joseph when he was translating the plates because of it. Learn about and browse the pages of the first hymnal of the Church. FAIR is controlled and operated by the Foundation for Apologetic Information and Research (FAIR). Their first twenty miles was through snow six inches deep. It is possible that polygamy would have come more easily if it had not been added to an already extraordinary number of other trials and if she had not been the first wife to face it in the Church. You may be able to get in touch with someone who can answer that question here: Joseph Smith PapersContact Us. I fitted up a small wagon, procured a span of ponies, and sent my Wife and three children, in company with Bro. Emma crossed the ice carefully, walking apart from the wagon. When her stepparents determined they could no longer care for her, the 8-year-old orphan found her way back to Emma. Memoirs of Joseph Smith III (18321914), ed. Other scribes would do the majority of the translation, but she filled in as needed. [35] A Missouri map published in 1840 by L. Augustus Mitchell, on file in the National Archives Branch in College Park, Maryland, shows roads that provided two possible routes, an upper and a lower one. He could scarcely refrain from weeping.[105], Once safely in Illinois, the Saints still had some unfinished business related to their expulsion from Missouri. In May that year the Mormon History Association held their annual meetings there. Joseph and Emma Smith's sorrow over this matter was, for the most part, very private, according to Delewski. When Elizabeth died in childbirth, young Elizabeth Agnes was leftwith her stepfather and, soon after, a new stepmother. Later, while reading the book History of the Prophet Joseph Smith by His Mother, I found Lucy Mack Smiths tribute to Emma: I have never seen a woman in my life, who would endure every species of fatigue and hardship, from month to month, and from year to year, with that unflinching courage, zeal, and patience, which . She is known in Church history for being well educated and was able to act as a scribe for Joseph when he was translating the plates because of it. At the time of her birth, her parents had a good relationship with a prominent local family, which may have affected her name selection. She had a home and her children and she just had to carry on the best she could. Shortly after her baptism in July 1830, Emma Smithwas called by God to compile a hymnbook to edify the Church. Not six months before the death of Joseph, he called his wife Emma into a secret council, and there he told her the truth, and called upon her to deny it if she could. She frequently found herself living in the homes of others and just as frequently took complete strangers into her own home. Five reasons best explain why Saints moved during winter conditions: (1) by January, armed patrols were showing up and threatening the Saints, so in the January 26 public meeting the people agreed to begin moving immediately; (2) the Saints had been told that Joseph Smith would not be released from prison until they all had left Missouri, so the sooner that happened, the better;[39] (3) individuals were running out of food and supplies; (4) in February, Far West experienced some stretches of weather that seemed favorable for traveling; and (5) wagons going to Illinois and then returning to take others needed four to six weeks to make the two trips before the late March deadline. This made the poisoning accusation plausible for him. The Missouri Arguss editor argued incorrectly on December 20, 1838, that they cannot be driven beyond the limits of the statethat is certain. For the official Church websites, please visit churchofjesuschrist.org or comeuntochrist.org. While living at the Morley farm near Kirtland, Emma Smith gives birth to twins, who die shortly after birth. Joseph Smith presided. She was not perfect and made choices that seem hard for us to understand today. 801-422-6975. Conflicts between church members and neighbors also continued to escalate, and eventually Young made the decision to relocate the church to the Salt Lake Valley. In time, most of the houses were torn down for firewood or hauled away. In the same year, Smith founded the Church of Christlater known as the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saintsin Fayette Township. the management of the affairs of the Church devolves on you, that is the Twelve . Emma had been disappeared. One is that Emma had lived her adult life moving from place to place and house to house, crossing frozen rivers and walking in lots of mud and snow. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Copyright 1997-2023 by The Foundation for Apologetic Information and Research, Inc. All Rights Reserved. June 1831 Many found refuge not only in Quincy but throughout Adams County and all over western Illinois. Fanny lived in the Smiths' house with Emma, which caused much tension. Finally, Brigham was Joseph's successor, and Emma challenged that succession by supporting her son, Joseph Smith III, as the 'proper' leader, and as one who would not teach the hated doctrine of polygamy (which Emma falsely claimed Brigham had foisted on the Church). the support materials for the Joseph Smith manual. Bidamon married Nancy Sebree in 1827, with whom he had four children. Many of them started from scratch and built up religious communities in Illinois and Iowa. Ever since the Prophet Joseph died as a martyr in Carthage, Illinois, some Latter-day Saints have felt disappointment that Joseph's wife Emma did not go with the Church in the westward exodus of the Saints in 1846-47. [87] Hartley, My Best for the Kingdom, 9192. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. A painting by C. C. A. Christensen, Exodus of the Saints from Missouri, is the only depiction the author has seen of winter exodus experience. However, the hymns Emma selected were particularly special. She stood by her husband even when they faced strains in their marriage. It notes, Many of them crossed into Illinois at Quincy and were made welcome by the people here. In recent years, several related commemoration events have taken place in Quincy.[113]. Emma was the seventh of nine children. ", Delewski said, "If someone with Emma's experience came to me, I would talk about these deaths and see what effects sorrow had had upon her. She found them both bleeding badly. On March 21 Wilford Woodruff said the apostolic company passed through Huntsville and found the roads were full of Saints that were fleeing Missouri.[93] On April 24 they met three members of the Committee of Removal who had just been driven from Far West, who also joined them. Those who hired him found him to be the best employee theyd ever hired. The views and opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of FAIR, its officers, directors or supporters. Yet I knew little of these things, for our branch of the family was far removed from our Smith heritage. Only his mother and sisters had shoes, but these wore out and became almost useless before they reached Illinois. Emmas disappearance from LDS history was so total that Linda says when she and Valeen co-authored an article about her for the Ensign in 1979, it was the first writing about her to appear in any official church publication in 113 years. They held a short conference in one of the homes and excommunicated thirty-one unworthies. In addition to the Apostles, six members of the Committee and about a dozen other members were present. After Brigham Young assumed a leadership role, he and his supporters considered Joseph Smith's physical property as property of the church. Richard Neitzel Holzapfel and Kent P. Jackson (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2010), 34790. . Their difficult trip to Mississippi River took twelve days: We had snow and rain every day but 2. When Saints pulled out of Far West, their houses, barns, fences, stores, schools, farms, farm equipment, household goods, livestock, and stored grain fell into non-Mormons hands. "Emma seemed to wax and wane in her acceptance of the practice," Delewski said. After deliberating on the best means to finish the job, we have thought that considering the bad state of the roads, the expense of ferrage in consequence of high water, that the teams are all nearly worn out, and the brethren here very poor and very much scattered that the best solution was to forward the remainder of the poor brethren by water. By contracting with a steam boat, the poor brethren might all be removed at once and the Far West committee would be free to get out of the state. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. "My belief is that the Book of Mormon is of divine authenticityI have not the slightest doubt of it," she testified in an interview she gave late in life. Is there a list anywhere of all the composers who had songs in Emmas 1835 hymnal? The Thomases complied. By Scott D. Pierce. He looked at Emma Smith's decision to remain in Nauvoo through the eyes of a therapist. A later First Presidency report about the exodus noted that women and children marked their footsteps on the frozen ground with blood, it being the dead of winter.[54] Was this an exaggeration? The way that current materials deal with the conflict with Brigham Young is . The response, signed by Elias Higbee and John P. Greene, stated that if we should say what our present wants are, it would be beyond all calculation; as we have been robbed of our corn, wheat, horses, cattle, cows, hogs, wearing apparel, houses and homes. Twenty widows were entirely destitute. When a group of black Mormons arrived after a very difficult and painful journey fraught with danger and racial prejudice, their feet bleeding because they no longer had shoes, she sat them at her own dinner table and took them all into her home as guests until they could find work. When the man saw the Saints plight, he told his tenants to go elsewhere, for the Mormons were coming and they had no place to go and he was going to let his apartments to them. He invited John to bring his family up to one of his houses where they could live for a while. A Quincy Heritage Celebration was held July 24, 1999. They formed the first wave of the exodus. [46], During February the migration became more intense. Then on November 5 and 6, 1999, a Quincy History Symposium honored the citys humanitarian efforts for Saints who fled Missouri. In total, these petitioners losses totaled $2,275,789an average of $3,761 per petitioner. [7] William G. Hartley, My Best for the Kingdom: The History and Autobiography of John Lowe Butler, a Mormon Frontiersman (Salt Lake City: Aspen Books, 1993), 8184; Baugh, A Call to Arms, 39296. [61] That same day, Eliza R. Snow and relatives, who had wintered seven miles from Far West, started for Illinois. At night they would build fires if they could find firewood. Im guessing something to do with the meter, but I cant figure it out! Im interested in seeing which traditions she drew from. In April 1839, Eliza R. Snow wrote a poem titled To the Citizens of Quincy to thank Ye noble, genrous hearted Citizens.[111] It was published on page 1 of the Quincy Whig on May 11, 1839. Following Joseph's murder, Emma refused to go west with the Saints. 1 She had been promised in her 1830 revelation: "Thy time shall be given to writing, and to learning much." 2 She probably gathered hymns from her hometown newspaper as well as other papers and denominational hymnals. [19] John P. Greene, Facts Relative to the Expulsion of the Mormons or Latter-day Saints from the State of Missouri, Under the Exterminating Order (Cincinnati: R. P. Brooks, 1839), 8. The Smoots lacked a team, so their wagon was useless. She joined in his efforts to protect them from thieves and acted on occasion as his scribe. [114] John Lowe Butler became a trusted workhorse for Joseph Smith and Brigham Young, serving as one of Josephs official, ordained bodyguards and later as a bishop in Spanish Fork, Utah. All the same, she continued to have a testimony of his role as a prophet and she carried out her duties faithfully. The religion rapidly gained converts, and Smith set up . Its a beautiful article, but its not a fully honest one; polygamy is not mentioned once anywhere. One Latter-day Saint and two Missourians were killed. Newel and all men in the city had to surrender their arms. It was enough to make the heart ache to see the children, sick with colds, and crying around their mothers for food, whilst their parents were destitute of the means of making them comfortable.[21], Northwest Missouri winters can be harsh. Print. Joseph Smith Foundation director, author, film producer, speaker. Was also Governor of Utah Territory from February 3, 1851 to April 12, 1858. Holbrook left behind his wife Nancy, who a week later gave birth to their fourth child, and three small children ages seven, five, and two. In fear of threats that the bodies would be stolen or desecrated, coffins filled with sandbags were used in the public funeral of the two martyrs. As they moved on they found camp fires and tent poles already struck nearly all the way after this, apparently provided by the Committee of Removal. Mormon women have the specific responsibility to be righteous daughters of God; good, faithful wives; and loving mothers. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. That did not stop Emma, a visionary woman in her own sense of the word. However, President Young advised the Saints to gather in order to help each other better. The episode seems to have been a family quarrel between Joseph and Emmatwo mortals living in something of a fishbowl, under enormous pressures and strains. They averaged ten miles per day. Your email address will not be published. For him, it appears the marriages were fairly impersonal and meant to fulfill the requirement given him by an angel and to join certain families together in the eternities. I attended the premier of the Emma Smith Story [with] several of my children and grandchildren. Far West Saints met in a public meeting on January 26 to consider measures to expedite the move out of state, given the seeming impossibility of moving in consequence of the extreme poverty of many.[29] A seven-man committee was appointed to find out how many needed help and how much help members could give to those in need. Quincys compassion, noted historian Richard E. Bennett, saved the saints as a people and may even have saved the Church as an institution.[88], Assigned by the Committee of Removal, David Rogers visited Jackson County on March 15, sold Church properties, raised some $2,700, and brought the funds to Far West by mid-April. She was well-educated and taught school. She would smile with her lips, but to me, as small as I was, I never saw the brown eyes smile. While locals let the suffering Saints crowd into farms, sheds, huts, and tents, they judged the refugees to be generally of the poorer and more illiterate classes.[78] On February 25, Quincy leaders met and adopted measures to provide relief. [95] Kenney, Wilford Woodruffs Journal, 1:329. What did Emma Emma do for the LDS Church? Grant Building See http://www.measuringworth.com/calculators/uscompare. During this last bout, Joseph said gratefully, "My wife waited on me. Emma Smith The essentialeven phenomenalrole Emma played in bringing forth the Book of Mormon has been re-examined on many fronts. Shortly, twelve mobbers with rifles entered the tithing office and broke windows, tables, chairs, and seventeen clocks into matchwood. One threw iron pots at Theodore Turley, hitting him in the shoulder. We loaded up our little efects into a wagon and with one small pair of stears we started out with five children [ages twelve, nine, seven, four, and two] in our family and only one pair of shoes amongst them, Daniel wrote. Both the Church and Joseph Smith personally were heavily in debt at the time of the martyrdom. Reaching the river, they joined Saints waiting to cross who had no shelter. [24] James Carroll Petition in Clark V. Johnson, Mormon Redress Petitions: Documents of the 18331838 Missouri Conflict (Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University, 1992), 155; see biographical sketch in Donald Q. Cannon and Lyndon W. Cook, eds., Far West Record (Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 1983), 252. William E. McLellin, apostle and apostate, died in Independence, Jackson County, Missouri, April 24, 1883, and is buried in Woodlawn Municipal Cemetery of the same city. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. [93] Kenney, Wilford Woodruffs Journal, 1:325. Her first three died so quickly they were not even named. [51] Ronald K. Esplin, The Emergence of Brigham Young and the Twelve in Mormon Leadership, 18301841 (PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1981), 370; Times and Seasons, September 1840, 165. By primitive Missouri roads, the distance from Far West to Quincy was about 180 miles. Her family was religious, devoutly Christian. 185 Heber J. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The Church News asked Church historians to answer the question "What should Church members know about Emma Hale Smith?" Here's what they had to say: Answer (1 of 10): At the time of her husbands death, not much changed. We all use history to suit our purposes, and Emma simply did not suit the purposes of the LDS Church in the years following her husbands death. [114] Close Friends as Witnesses: Joseph Smith and the Joseph Knight Families, in Joseph Smith: The Prophet, the Man, ed. It was difficult, dramatic, sometimes harrowing, and only partly organized. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? President Sidney Rigdon, Bishop Edward Partridge, and a few others felt the Saints could avoid problems like the ones they had in Missouri by spreading out rather than gathering together into Latter-day Saint communities. Training experience for 1846 exodus. In the future Brigham would have his own falling out with Babbitt and the rift would become so widely known that, when Indians killed Babbitt on the Western plains in 1856, Eastern newspapers erroneously reported that Brigham had ordered him killed. The refinement, the charity of our age, will not brook it. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary".
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